Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) who are medicated at a younger age are likely to do better academically than children who took medication for the disorder at an older age.

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“In contrast with nonmedicated children, children starting stimulant treatment between their fourth- and seventh-grade tests were more likely to decline in test performance,” according to a study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics.

The research was based on the study of around 12,000 Icelandic children born between 1994 and 1996. Each started on medication for ADHD sometime between fourth and seventh grades, ABCNews reported.

Since 2007, 5.4 million children aged four to17 have been diagnosed with ADHD, and 66 percent reported taking medication to treat their symptoms, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.